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Como abrir uma empresa em United Kingdom

The UK offers one of the fastest and cheapest company formation processes globally — most companies are registered with Companies House in under 24 hours.

Tempo de constituição
Same day – 1 business day
Custo típico
GBP 12–100
Moeda
GBP

Formas jurídicas

Private Limited Company
Ltd
By far the most common structure — separate legal entity, limited liability, easy to set up.
Capital mínimo
No minimum (£1 share capital is typical)
Responsabilidade
Limited
Limited Liability Partnership
LLP
Used by professional services firms — limited liability with partnership-style tax treatment.
Capital mínimo
No minimum
Responsabilidade
Limited
Sole Trader
Sole Trader
Simplest form for freelancers. No legal separation, personal liability for debts.
Capital mínimo
No minimum
Responsabilidade
Unlimited
Public Limited Company
PLC
For companies intending to list on a stock exchange — higher compliance burden.
Capital mínimo
£50,000 minimum share capital
Responsabilidade
Limited

Etapas de constituição

  1. 1

    Choose a company name

    Same day

    Check availability on the Companies House register. Certain words are restricted.

  2. 2

    Appoint directors and a company secretary

    Same day

    At least one director required (aged 16+). A secretary is optional for private companies.

  3. 3

    Assign share capital and shareholders

    Same day

    Private companies typically issue 1–100 shares at £1 each to founders.

  4. 4

    Prepare memorandum and articles of association

    Same day

    Standard model articles are available from Companies House — customisation is optional.

  5. 5

    Register with Companies House

    Same day – 24 hours

    File form IN01 online (£12) or by post (£100). Incorporation is usually confirmed within 24 hours.

  6. 6

    Register for Corporation Tax with HMRC

    Same day online

    Must be done within 3 months of starting to trade.

Documentos necessários

  • Memorandum of Association
  • Articles of Association
  • Form IN01 (application to register)
  • Proof of ID for all directors and shareholders
  • Registered office address in the UK

Noções fiscais

Taxa de IRC
25% (19% small profits rate for profits under £50,000)
IVA / imposto sobre vendas
20% VAT (standard rate); 5% and 0% reduced rates apply to certain goods
Limiar de registo
VAT registration compulsory when taxable turnover exceeds £90,000 (2024/25)
Periodicidade de declaração
Corporation Tax: annual; VAT: quarterly (most common) or monthly

Armadilhas comuns

Missing the Confirmation Statement deadline (annual, £13 filing fee) — late filing can lead to company strike-off.

Not registering for Corporation Tax within 3 months of trading — HMRC penalties apply.

Mixing personal and company funds — director's loan account rules (s.455 tax charge) catch many founders.

Forgetting to file dormant company accounts even when not trading — Companies House still requires filings.

Pronto para começar a faturar?

Assim que a sua empresa estiver registada, o Zuupr trata da faturação, pagamentos e business intelligence — tudo num só lugar.

Última revisão a 2026-04-05. Este guia é apenas informativo e não constitui aconselhamento jurídico ou fiscal. Verifique os detalhes com um profissional local antes de agir.